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2020-05
Methods of Propagating Coptis
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Propagate by seeds. Seed bottom embryo ripening type. In early May, after the seeds mature and are harvested, choose a cool and relatively flat hillside to build a shade shed with branches, allowing rainwater to naturally drip into the shed. Dig a 20cm deep pit to store the seeds layered with wet sand. After early morning and evening and autumn low temperatures,
the embryos gradually develop. Between October and November, after the seeds crack, sow them in high beds, with 22.5~37.5kg of seeds per hectare, covered with cow and horse manure. In late February of the following year, build a low shed for shading on the bed surface, and seedlings emerge in early March. Remove fallen leaves from the bed surface and clear weeds. During the seedling stage from May to June, apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer to promote seedling growth, and in October to November, spread finely crushed cow and horse manure and ash humus soil to facilitate wintering.
Traditional planting techniques use shade sheds. In winter, cut trees to build a 1.2m high shade shed with about 70% shading. Inside the shed, create a 1.6m wide high bed (box). In March of the third year after sowing, when the nursery seedlings have grown 4~6 true leaves, transplant them with a spacing of 10cm×10cm, planting depth of 3~5cm, with 750,000 to 900,000 seedlings per hectare. Corn intercropping and forest planting techniques are used, with a spacing of 1.6m square on the bed surface in winter, interspersing with shrubs like hemp and mulberry, and trees like pine and cedar. In early spring, at the end of February, cultivate corn seedlings in nutrient pots in plastic low sheds.
When the seedlings are about 30cm tall, transplant corn seedlings with a spacing of 30cm on both sides of the high bed ditch, orienting leaf to leaf. In June and July, after the corn leaves cover the ridge, plant Coptis in the rows. After harvesting corn in winter, weave low sheds with corn stalks to shade the Coptis. The following year, replant corn, and after about 4~5 years, the shrubs will have formed a forest, providing shade for the Coptis, and corn will no longer be planted.
After harvesting Coptis, prepare the land in the forest, apply sufficient base fertilizer, and replant; after 2~3 seasons of planting Coptis in the shrub forest, the trees will have formed a forest, allowing for the cutting of shrubs and planting in the tree forest. Using corn and afforestation shading techniques for planting not only does not affect the yield of Coptis but also saves labor, materials, and investment, with the volume of standing timber accumulating twice as fast as in forests without Coptis.
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